In my work as a consultant dermatologist, a few years ago, I began to notice a recurring theme in my office. Increasingly, patients wanted to know which anti-ageing supplements they should be taking to improve their skin.
They wanted healthier hair, better skin quality, fewer wrinkles, and a more youthful appearance. The supplement market was booming, yet many felt overwhelmed by the sheer volume of products and conflicting advice. At first glance, these seemed like straightforward cosmetic concerns. Yet I found myself becoming increasingly interested in a much bigger question.
My own academic background had never been limited to skin alone. Before returning to Ireland, I spent several years in Dallas undertaking translational research focused on systemic inflammation, exploring the biological processes that influence disease throughout the body.
Long before the current fascination with longevity, I had been interested in understanding why our tissues age, why physical performance declines, why recovery becomes slower, and why cognitive impairment and frailty become increasingly common as we grow older.
What fascinated me was that the same underlying biological processes appeared to be influencing all of these outcomes. The patient concerned about thinning hair, the executive struggling with energy levels, the athlete finding recovery more difficult, and the older adult worried about memory changes were often experiencing different manifestations of the same cellular ageing process. The skin and hair simply happen to be among the first places where we see that process becoming visible.
That realisation became the starting point for a much deeper exploration of healthspan, the science of not simply living longer, but remaining healthier, stronger, sharper, and more resilient as we age. Most people are familiar with the concept of lifespan. Lifespan is simply the number of years we live.
Healthy living: eating well is one thing, but many other factors contribute to healthspan
Healthspan, however, refers to the number of years we remain healthy, active, independent, cognitively sharp, and physically capable. It is the difference between reaching 85 while continuing to travel, exercise, socialise, and enjoy life, versus spending the final decades of life burdened by disease, frailty, and declining independence.
The distinction matters because while modern medicine has become remarkably successful at extending lifespan, it has been less successful at extending healthspan. We are living longer than any generation before us. Yet many people spend a significant proportion of those additional years managing chronic illness, declining mobility, poor sleep, cognitive impairment, and loss of quality of life. The challenge facing medicine today is no longer whether we can extend life. The challenge is whether we can extend health.
One of the most encouraging developments in longevity science is the growing recognition that much of how we age is modifiable. While genetics undoubtedly play a role, they are not destiny. The choices we make every day exert a profound influence on our future health.
EXERCISE
If there is one intervention that consistently rises above all others in longevity research, it is exercise. While scientists continue to debate the merits of individual supplements, diets, and emerging technologies, the evidence supporting physical activity has become almost overwhelming. Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia, cancer, and premature death. Some studies suggest that fitness predicts future health outcomes more accurately than many traditional medical risk factors.
Equally important is maintaining muscle mass. Muscle influences metabolic health, balance, mobility, resilience, recovery, and independence. Loss of muscle mass is strongly associated with frailty, falls, hospitalisation, and mortality. It is one of the reasons why resistance training has become such an important pillar of longevity medicine, particularly in women.
SLEEP AND SOCIALISING
Rest up: sleep is vital for repair processes in the body
Sleep is another factor that is frequently underestimated. During sleep, the brain consolidates memories, hormones are regulated, and countless repair processes take place throughout the body. Poor sleep has been linked to increased inflammation, impaired cognition, metabolic dysfunction, and accelerated ageing. Yet many people continue to treat sleep as an optional luxury rather than a biological necessity. Stress also deserves far more attention than it receives. Chronic stress influences virtually every system in the body, from immune function and cardiovascular health to sleep quality and cognitive performance. Increasingly, studies suggest that prolonged psychological stress may influence biological ageing itself.
Perhaps most surprising of all is the importance of social connection. Some of the most compelling longevity research has shown that strong relationships are associated with longer life, better cognitive outcomes, and improved physical health. Loneliness, by contrast, has been linked to increased risks of cardiovascular disease, depression, dementia, and premature mortality. In an era of extraordinary technological connection, social isolation remains one of the great overlooked threats to health.
BIOLOGICAL VS CHRONOLOGICAL AGE
When people hear the word longevity, they often imagine billionaires spending fortunes on experimental treatments or biohackers immersed in elaborate routines. In reality, the foundations of healthy ageing are remarkably simple. Move regularly. Build and maintain muscle. Prioritise sleep. Manage stress. Stay socially connected. Eat well. Avoid smoking. Limit excessive alcohol consumption. These habits may not be glamorous, but they are extraordinarily powerful.
At the same time, science is providing us with new tools to understand ageing in ways that were unimaginable even a decade ago. One of the most exciting developments is the concept of biological age. Chronological age tells us how many years have passed since we were born.
Biological age attempts to measure how well our bodies are actually ageing. Two people may both be 50 years old chronologically, yet one may have the physiological profile of someone considerably younger, while the other may appear biologically older. Increasingly, scientists believe that biological age may be a more meaningful measure of health than the number of candles on a birthday cake. For the first time, we are beginning to develop meaningful ways of measuring this.
SUPPLEMENTS
That shift from subjective wellness to objective measurement is, in my view, one of the most important developments in modern health. For years, consumers have been asked to trust claims. Very often there was little objective evidence available to demonstrate whether an intervention was truly making a difference. Increasingly, that is changing. Wearable devices now allow us to track sleep, recovery, heart rate variability, cardiovascular fitness, and physiological strain. Biological age testing provides insights into how our bodies are ageing at a cellular level. Consumers are becoming more informed, more sophisticated, and more demanding. They want evidence. They want data. They want measurable outcomes. It was this shift that ultimately inspired myself and Professor Nicola Ralph to develop ID Formulas, a supplement with 32 science-backed ingredients for energy and performance.
We became increasingly frustrated by a supplement industry dominated by marketing but often lacking rigorous evidence. We were repeatedly asked what people should take for healthy ageing, yet many products focused on a single ingredient, a single outcome, or a single marketing trend. Ageing simply does not work that way.
The same biological processes that influence skin quality also influence cognitive performance. The mechanisms that affect recovery also affect physical performance. The factors that influence resilience often influence energy levels, sleep quality, hair health, and overall wellbeing. Rather than creating a beauty supplement, we wanted to develop a healthspan formulation that reflected that complexity.
The result was a formulation containing 32 active ingredients selected for their roles in supporting energy metabolism, recovery, physical performance, cognitive function, skin health, hair health, and healthy ageing. Importantly, we were determined not to rely on theory alone. If people are investing significant amounts of money in supplements, they deserve more than marketing claims. They deserve evidence.
That commitment led us to undertake a twelve week randomised, double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial assessing a broad range of outcomes, including cognitive performance, sleep quality, vitality, libido, skin hydration, skin barrier function, wrinkling, hair density, and hair thickness. The objective was simple: if we were asking people to invest in their health, we felt a responsibility to generate evidence rather than rely on assumptions or extrapolations from individual ingredients.
Alongside the formal clinical trial programme, we also created The Circle, a real world user journey involving doctors, dietitians, athletes, health professionals, business leaders, and key opinion leaders. Through a partnership with WHOOP, participants were able to continuously monitor metrics such as sleep, recovery, strain, heart rate variability, and other physiological parameters over the course of the programme. What fascinated us was not simply whether people reported feeling better, but whether those subjective improvements were reflected in objective data.
WELLNESS AND WEARABLES
Wearables: people can now track their own health biometrics
Increasingly, I believe that the future of health optimisation lies in combining how people feel with measurable physiological outcomes. We have now integrated WHOOP directly into our consumer platform so that individuals can track changes in their own biometrics over time, rather than relying solely on subjective impressions.
One of the most exciting areas of research within the project has been biological age testing. While chronological age tells us how many years we have lived, biological age attempts to quantify how well our bodies are ageing. We are currently awaiting results from both GlycanAge testing, which provides insights into immune ageing and the chronic low grade inflammation often referred to as inflammaging, and DNA methylation analysis, one of the most advanced methods currently available for assessing biological age at a cellular level.
Although these larger datasets are still being analysed, we conducted pilot biological age testing in a smaller cohort from The Circle. The results were extremely encouraging, with participants demonstrating average reductions in biological age of up to 5.2 years after just twelve weeks. These are early findings and must be interpreted cautiously until larger datasets become available, but they reinforce an increasingly accepted concept within longevity science: that biological ageing is not necessarily a fixed or irreversible process.
ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
Another area that became increasingly important during development was athletic performance and career longevity. Elite athletes place extraordinary demands on their bodies and are constantly searching for evidence based strategies to optimise recovery, maintain performance, and prolong their careers. For this reason, ID Formulas has been certified by Informed Sport, one of the most rigorous independent testing programmes in the world for sports supplements. This certification provides assurance that every batch is tested for substances prohibited in sport, giving confidence to professional and elite athletes who may be subject to anti-doping testing.
What interests me most, however, is that athletic longevity is about far more than muscles and physical performance. As athletes age, maintaining cognitive function becomes increasingly important. Processing speed, reaction time, decision making, coordination, and the ability of the brain and body to communicate efficiently are often the factors that distinguish elite performers from their competitors. The same biological processes that influence healthy ageing in the general population influence performance longevity in athletes. Supporting recovery, cellular energy production, cognitive performance, and physiological resilience may help individuals not only perform at a high level today, but continue performing at a high level for longer.
DISEASE PREVENTION
When we talk about longevity, we often focus on optimising health, extending healthspan, and improving the quality of our later years. But prevention and early disease detection are equally important parts of the longevity conversation. There is little point in adding years to life if we are not also reducing the burden of preventable disease.
This month, Professor Nicola Ralph, Conor Murphy and I will open Surgical Institute Dublin, Ireland’s first private specialist skin cancer and skin surgery centre. Ireland has one of the highest rates of skin cancer in Europe, and melanoma incidence continues to rise. Part of this is genetic. We have a predominantly Celtic population with fair skin, light eyes, and reduced natural UV protection, making us particularly vulnerable to sun damage. However, it is also a consequence of behaviour and awareness. Many of today’s skin cancers are the result of sun exposure that occurred decades earlier, before we fully understood the dangers of ultraviolet radiation or embraced daily sun protection as a public health priority.
The encouraging reality is that skin cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer, and when detected early, one of the most treatable. Surgical Institute Dublin will bring together more than 30 consultant specialists, including dermatologists, plastic surgeons, Mohs surgeons, oculoplastic surgeons, pathologists, and oncologists, with the goal of improving access to expert diagnosis and treatment.
For me, there is a direct link between this project and the work we are doing in longevity science. Both are focused on preserving health, maintaining function, and improving quality of life.
MEASURABLE EVIDENCE
What excites me most is not any individual ingredient, supplement, test, or technology. It is the broader shift that is taking place in how we think about health. For decades, wellness has often been driven by marketing, trends, and anecdote. We are now entering an era in which people can increasingly measure what is happening within their own bodies. Wearable technology can provide insights into sleep, recovery, cardiovascular fitness, and physiological resilience. Biological age testing offers a window into the ageing process itself. For the first time, consumers are beginning to demand the same thing from health and wellness that they expect from medicine: evidence.
Ultimately, however, the most powerful determinants of healthy ageing remain remarkably consistent. Regular exercise, maintaining muscle mass, prioritising sleep, managing stress, nurturing relationships, eating well, and remaining engaged with life continue to exert a greater influence on long term health than any single intervention we have yet discovered. The goal is not to find a shortcut around these fundamentals but to support them.
The real promise of longevity science is not that we will all live to 120. It is that more of us may be able to remain energetic, cognitively sharp, physically capable, and independent for longer. If we can extend not only the years in our lives but the life in those years, that may prove to be one of the most important medical advances of our time.
Professor Caitriona Ryan is a Consultant Dermatologist at the Institute of Dermatologists, and a Clinical Professor at University College Dublin. She is a co- founder of the Institute of Dermatologists, the Surgical Institute Dublin, and ID Formulas, a pioneering supplement brand that blends dermatological and longevity science. ID Formulas supplements are available at www.idformulas.com